DEMOCRACY 3 CYCLONES CODE

Department of Defense representative Walter B. to counter Soviet and Cuban aggression in the Third World, particularly beginning in mid-1979.' In March 1979, 'CIA sent several covert action options relating to Afghanistan to the SCC ' of the United States National Security Council. According to former CIA official Robert Gates, 'the Carter administration turned to CIA . had been strained during Jimmy Carter's presidency due to Pakistan's nuclear program and the execution of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in April 1979, but Carter told National Security Adviser Zbigniew Brzezinski and Secretary of State Cyrus Vance as early as January 1979 that it was vital to 'repair our relationships with Pakistan' in light of the unrest in Iran. Pakistani President Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq's ties with the U.S. and its allies to send material assistance to the Islamist insurgents. In the late 1970s, Pakistani intelligence officials began privately lobbying the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), although that was not the case. Amin was considered a 'brutal psychopath' by foreign observers the Soviets were particularly alarmed by the brutality of the late Khalq regime, and suspected Amin of being an agent of the U.S. įollowing a general uprising in April 1979, Taraki was deposed by Khalq rival Hafizullah Amin in September. Taraki's efforts to improve secular education and redistribute land were accompanied by mass executions (including many conservative religious leaders) and political oppression unprecedented in Afghan history, igniting a revolt by Afghan mujahideen rebels. The newly-formed Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (DRA)-which was divided between Taraki's extremist Khalq faction and the more moderate Parcham-signed a treaty of friendship with the Soviet Union in December of that year. Under the leadership of Nur Muhammad Taraki, communists seized power in Afghanistan on 27 April 1978. 5 Allegations of CIA assistance to bin Laden.Funding continued (albeit reduced) after the 1989 Soviet withdrawal, as the mujahideen continued to battle the forces of President Mohammad Najibullah's army during the Afghan Civil War (1989–1992). The first CIA-supplied weapons were antique British Lee–Enfield rifles shipped out in December 1979 by September 1986 the program included U.S.-origin state of the art weaponry, such as FIM-92 Stinger surface-to-air missiles, some 2,300 of which were ultimately shipped into Afghanistan. Funding officially began with $695,000 in mid-1979, was increased dramatically to $20–$30 million per year in 1980, and rose to $630 million per year in 1987, described as the 'biggest bequest to any Third World insurgency'. Operation Cyclone was one of the longest and most expensive covert CIA operations ever undertaken. The program leaned heavily towards supporting militant Islamic groups, including groups with jihadist ties, that were favored by the regime of Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq in neighboring Pakistan, rather than other, less ideological Afghan resistance groups that had also been fighting the Soviet-oriented Democratic Republic of Afghanistan administration since before the Soviet intervention. The mujahideen were also supported by Britain's MI6, who conducted separate covert actions.

DEMOCRACY 3 CYCLONES CODE

Operation Cyclone was the code name for the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) program to arm and finance the Afghan mujahideen in Afghanistan from 1979 to 1992, prior to and during the military intervention by the USSR in support of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. 1979–1989 Afghanistan, Operation Cyclone.1965–66 Indonesia, Transition to the New Order.1959–2000 assassination attempts on Fidel Castro.United States involvement in regime change Collapse of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan in 1992.Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan in February 1989.Delivery of thousands of tons of weaponry worth several billion US dollars.Government of Afghanistan and USSR invasion force Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and Saudi intelligence

Democracy 3 cyclones